Red Team Learning Resources
A structured roadmap to mastering Red Team techniques, tools, and methodologies for simulating real-world cyberattacks.
1. Overview and Fundamentals
What is Red Teaming?
Red Teaming involves simulating real-world adversarial attacks to test an organization’s cybersecurity defenses.
- Attack Lifecycle: Reconnaissance, exploitation, lateral movement, and exfiltration.
- Adversary Simulation: Mimicking real-world threat actors.
- Threat Models: Understanding TTPs (Tactics, Techniques, Procedures).
- Understanding MITRE ATT&CK Framework.
- Post-Exploitation Tactics.
Core Concepts to Learn:
2. Key Red Team Tools
This section presents a range of essential tools used in Red Team operations, grouped into categories to cover different phases of a simulated attack.
Reconnaissance
- Shodan: Search engine for Internet-connected devices.
- Maltego: Visual link analysis tool for OSINT (Open Source Intelligence).
- theHarvester: Gathers emails, subdomains, and other relevant information.
- Nmap: Powerful and versatile network scanner, used for host and service discovery.
Exploitation
- Metasploit: Vulnerability exploitation framework.
- Cobalt Strike: Advanced tool for post-exploitation and threat emulation.
- Impacket: Collection of Python classes for working with network protocols, useful for SMB and Active Directory exploitation.
Privilege Escalation
- LinPEAS and WinPEAS: Scripts for local privilege escalation on Linux and Windows systems.
- PowerSploit: PowerShell-based post-exploitation framework.
Lateral Movement
- BloodHound: Graphical tool for visualizing and analyzing relationships in Active Directory, identifying attack paths.
- CrackMapExec: Post-exploitation tool for lateral movement in Windows networks, useful for credential testing and command execution.
Exfiltration
- Rclone: Command-line utility for syncing and transferring data to and from various cloud services.
- PowerShell Scripts: Custom PowerShell scripts for data exfiltration.
Other Offensive Tools (Red Team)
- YARA: Tool for identifying and classifying malware based on rules (pattern matching).
- WireGuard: Modern, fast, and secure VPN (Virtual Private Network).
- Kali Linux: Linux distribution specialized for penetration testing and security auditing.
- Phish.Report: Phishing simulation and security awareness training platform.
Tools for SOAR and Analysis
- TheHive & Cortex: SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response) platform for incident management. (Including TheHive as Cortex is an extension of it)
- Velociraptor: Advanced tool for data collection and analysis in security investigations and incident response.
3. Hands-On Practice Platforms
Cyber Range Platforms
- TryHackMe: Red Teaming paths and labs.
- Hack The Box: Pro Labs for Red Team scenarios.
- Cyber Range Labs: Realistic attack simulations.
Certifications Labs
- Offensive Security Proving Grounds: Practice for OSCP/OSCE.
- Zero Point Security Red Team Ops: Advanced Red Team training.
4. Real-Life Applications of Blue Teaming
Enterprise Security Testing
- Simulating APT (Advanced Persistent Threat) attacks.
- Testing the effectiveness of detection and response mechanisms.
Cloud Security Assessments
- Compromising misconfigured cloud environments.
- Testing cloud access controls and permissions.
Active Directory Penetration Testing
- Exploiting AD misconfigurations and credentials.
- Mapping attack paths for domain escalation.